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The former Château de Meudon, on a hill in Meudon, about 4 kilometres south-west of Paris, occupied the terraced steeply sloping site. It was acquired by Louis XIV, who greatly expanded its as a residence for Louis, ''le Grand Dauphin''. It was largely ignored under Louis XV and Louis XVI, but became the official residence of the King of Rome from 1812, and was occupied by Jérôme Bonaparte under the Second Empire. The main building was largely destroyed in a fire in 1871, and it is now the site of the Observatoire de Paris-Meudon. ==History== The ''château-fort'' of the manoir of Val de Meudon is traceable to the 14th century. In 1527, the old castle was given by Cardinal Antoine Sanguin to his niece Anne de Pisseleu, duchesse d'Étampes, a favorite of François I. A new château de Meudon, in a more congenial Renaissance style, was completed at the edge of the present terrace, about 1540. In 1552, the duchesse d'Étampes ceded the château to Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine, who embellished its interiors and constructed gardens in the new manner, commemorated in poetry by Pierre Ronsard; he employed Primaticcio for the grotto in the Italian mode, an architectural structure with rooms containing fountains and rockwork. Remnants of the terrace that supported its structure now support the great dome of the Observatoire. The orangery that survives may have substantial 16th-century origins as well. At the Cardinal's death in 1574, Meudon reverted to the House of Guise until 1654, when, battered by the Wars of Religion and the Fronde, it was purchased by Abel Servien, ''surintendant des finances'', who launched ambitious works of rebuilding during the five years in which he possessed it. Meudon was renovated and enlarged, probably by Louis Le Vau, who constructed a double-height oval salon; the present terrace—260 metres long, 140 m wide and 14 m high at its retaining wall— was established, a vast project of manual earth-moving. In 1679, the château was sold by Servien's heir to Louvois, the minister of Louis XIV, who continued to improve it inside and out, until his death in 1691. Above all, he commissioned André Le Nôtre to construct grand gardens and fountains fed by elaborate hydraulic works. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Château de Meudon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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